The existence of these Y chromosomal lineages, which have burst upon the genetic landscape like explosive stars sweeping aside all other variation before them, indicates a periodic it вЂњwinner-take-allвЂќ dynamic in human genetics more reminiscent of hyper-polygynous mammals such as elephant seals.

For example the Manchu lineage and the UГ NГ©ill lineage.

Since 2003 there have been other cases of вЂњsuper-YвЂќ lineages. In more quantitative terms, ~10% of the men who reside within the borders of the Mongol Empire as it was at the death of Genghis Khan may carry his Y chromosome, and so ~0.5% of men in the world, about 16 million individuals alive today, do so. Genghis Khan died ~750 years ago, so assuming 25 years per generation, you get about 30 men between the present and that period. As Y chromosomes are only passed from father to son, that would mean that the Y is a record of oneвЂ™s patrilineage. By direct line, I mean that they carry Y chromosomes which seem to have come down from an individual who lived approximately 1,000 years ago. In 2003 a groundbreaking historical genetics paper reported results which indicated that a substantial proportion of men in the world are direct line descendants of Genghis Khan.

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